Usually people consider textile fabrics as the common categorization such as woven, knitted, braided or tufted constructions. They commonly abandon nonwoven fabrics form the textile group. In the conventional fabric, the fibre is first made into yarns; on the other hand, nonwovens are manufactured sheets or webs directionally or randomly orientated fibres, bonded through resistance, solidity or sticking together into a fabric.The demands for fabrics have increased sharply. Conventional textiles are not able to meet the production cost and higher cost of upgradation along with demanding consumers in new fields of consumption. With better customization of characteristics into the fabric and appropriateness to certain end uses being advantages, nonwovens have emerged rapidly as the fabrics of the future.
Nonwoven fabrics presents many advantages over conventional fabrics, the clearest benefit is cost savings. In recent couple of years the nonwoven industry has emerged at a rapid speed, offering a huge range of products to several diversified fields. Conversely, nonwoven fabrics hold some natural characteristics, which led them to be counted for non-usable in certain applications. At present, many research and development has been conducted on enhancing the characteristics of nonwoven fabrics. Nonwovens are also entering into some astonishing fields, with making its mark in fashion apparel also Israel-based Shalag Industries is to open a new US $ 17million thermobonded nonwovens plant in Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina, USA. The company will invest US $ 17 million and create 42 jobs at the new facility.
Shalag already has a manufacturing facility in Upper Galilee, Israel, comprising three carded thermobonding lines with an annual capacity of 12 000 tonnes. It makes nonwoven fabrics principally from polypropylene, polyester and viscose that are used in the production of wipes, diapers and personal hygiene products. Major customers include Johnson & Johnson, Nice-Pak and Kimberly-Clark. "Nonwovens companies are producing the products that are proving most successful in adsorbing the oil that is flowing out of the BP well," says Rory Holmes, president of INDA. "Many have stepped up production to meet this incredible, unforeseen demand for meltblown nonwovens."
Among the many materials and devices being utilized to protect the sensitive Gulf Coast from the largest oil spill in history are adsorbent 'booms' primarily made from polypropylene nonwovens. These booms basically consist of a nonwoven tube filled with a number of different polypropylene materials, primarily made from a nonwoven process known as meltblowing. The booms are laid down in the water and their properties attract and adsorb the oil from the water better than any other known similar product.From a technical perspective, polypropylene meltblown nonwovens are proving to be particularly effective because their specific gravity is lighter than water, so the booms are able to float on the water's surface. In addition, polypropylene has an affinity for oil that allows it to adsorb the oil in great quantities. The products utilize meltblown polypropylene as the oil adsorbent because the meltblown fibre diameter is extremely fine and cumulatively presents a large surface to attract and hold onto the oilThe decision for the new plant was made possible in part by a US $ 110 000 grant from the One North Carolina Fund
. The extremely fine meltbown fibres can adsorb much more oil than most other products, up to 25 times its weight, compared to clay oil absorbent granules, which only absorb up to three times their weight, due to greater surface area of meltblown per a given unit. They work by collecting the oil on the surface of the fibres. "This meltblown technology is playing a vital role in the cleanup efforts and in slowing the spread of this massive oil spill," says Holmes. "Our member companies are working diligently to meet this unprecedented demand." As another option to deal with the massive oil spill, raw cotton acts a lot like meltblown polypropylene and does not absorb water, floats on the surface of water and has a great affinity for oil. Several nonwoven processes can convert raw cotton into very effective oil sorbents.A demonstration of how this meltblown technology and these products work is available at www.inda.org. For a list of companies making products that are being used in the cleanup and containment of the Gulf oil spill,
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